Some will ask why the tree hugger stuff? Why Green? Who cares about nature and natural laws anyways? Why not just let science solve all our needs? Some people don’t even ask. The Think STEM initiative is for the people that ask and have a need to know. Since time began for cognitive thoughts by people and animals, (yes animals have cognitive reasoning skills also) we have been trying to understand our world.
It is important to establish a common ground about the words Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. The study of Science (1.the state of knowing, knowledge as distinguished from ignorance or misunderstanding) as in the understanding of the world in which we live in . That being basically the physical world but also the transcendent spiritual realm (dreams, religion, spirituality and subconscious). Technology (The practical application of knowledge)as the utilization of the understanding of science thru the application of constructs to tame or conquer the physical laws. Engineering (1.the activities of an Engineer, The application of science and math by which the properties of matter and the sources of energy in nature are made useful. )Math- the Greeks had a root word for mathematical, it was mathanein, translated this means to learn. Mathematics( 1.is the science of numbers, their operations and the interrelationships.) It is basically to assign a place value for all knowledge and to compare the variables and their interrelationships.
Science is the state of knowing as opposed to ignorance and so it is time to understand and apply what we know. The misapplication of technology has brought about the destruction of natural earthly systems that existed to support the complex interrelationships of life. Mathematics has to be applied to understanding the dialectic of the value of the interrelationship of all actions and matter.
(For every action there is a reaction.)Technology as the practical application of knowledge has to manifest the answers necessary to live within the laws of the universe. The Engineers of tomorrow need to be able to apply all four disciplines as efficiently as possible in order to make any substantive positive changes. In all endeavors we must seek the truth, for it shall set us free, free to dance with Life and each other knowing we are living in the light of the truth and reason versus the darkness and ignorance of self centered egotism. In learning how to think one also should develop the discipline to objectively seek the truth and thru these observations and applications of science be able to always self correct their course towards the middle ground of reason and logical applications of living within the Laws of the Universe
Thursday, January 3, 2008
WHAT!
A smarter idea gets left behind in NCLB act
January 3, 2008
BY BARRY McGHAN
A recent state report, that nearly 50% of Michigan high schools failed to meet important goals of the federal No Child Left Behind law, is nothing new. It's the message we've heard for 40 years: Schools are bad and getting worse.
Not surprisingly, the peons of the system -- school principals and teachers -- are offered up as sacrifices by NCLB, in collusion with powerful special interests who control the purse strings and rules of this 19th Century education system we keep trying to whip into shape for a 21st Century world.
Crack! "Teach those kids!"
"If you don't, we'll give them to other schools, leaving you fewer resources to do your job. We expect things to become so hopeless you'll need to have your school reorganized. You'll be out of work!"
Crack! "Have we got your attention, yet?"
This all-stick-no-carrot approach perpetuates a top-down system where power is held by people who have no accountability for the work to be done. The accountability rests on people who have the least control over the situation.
This is crazy.
So, is NCLB a bad law? Yes and no.
The law has a good heart. But that's about all.
At its heart is the idea that all children can succeed in school, no matter their sex, color, family finances, parents' education, home language or any other factor. Beyond that, the law has problems.
For example, it lets states set their own goals for achievement. They understandably set them as low as feasible. Coincidentally, Michigan, desperately deep in recession, decided it could teach its way back to financial health by raising high school standards to unrealistic college entrance levels -- "all students can learn" on steroids.
Producing college-ready students starts in the home for most, and progresses step-by-step through the grades. It takes time. Kids from families unlucky enough to fall below the middle class require special efforts -- preschool, early intervention, and so on. If they missed those benefits, more is needed: special alternative schools and programs. That's a tall order for a state that can barely put a budget together.
The education power brokers -- politicians, state and district bureaucrats, experts in universities and think tanks, teachers unions -- impoverished of ideas, are little help to impoverished students. Commands from on high have not worked. They will not work.
The best the powers-that-be can do is empower the peons to do the job, and get out of the way. Give individual schools the autonomy they need to accomplish their mission as they see fit.
The bureaucracy should give schools decision-making authority, as well as control over most of the resources to implement those decisions. Individual schools need to control at least 95% of the money their students bring into a district.
This idea is hugely threatening to current power brokers. Further, making this transition to a leaner, meaner, more agile system will be very disruptive. At first, schools will flounder, some more than others. It's a price that has to be paid.
Take heart. There are reasons to believe the transition can succeed.
Let me tell you about Lula and Lois.
Grandma Lula taught more than 40 years in country schools in west Michigan. She loved her students, respected their parents, kept a laser-like focus on student achievement. She was a force to be reckoned with, known and loved (or at least respected) throughout the county.
A generation later, Lois, my late mother-in-law, another no-nonsense teacher, had a similar approach to her work with second graders in city schools. Other teachers loved to receive students from her classroom -- they could all read! Students, long gone from her class, kept in touch, as did their parents.
Most of the teachers I've known over 40 years of working in schools are good, honest, responsible people like Lula and Lois, doing their very best to help students. They are beaten down by the bureaucracy, disrespected by the press and much of the public, captives to a system that offers little more than a paycheck as a reason to keep up the good fight.
Many Michigan teachers are ready to take on managing their own schools for the benefit of their students. They need the "daddy-may-I" power brokers to become "sister-can-I-help" coprofessionals. They need a system in which parents have more choices for schooling their children, so that a better match can be found between a school's mission and a family's needs. They need an assessment system that enlightens the task ahead. Something more than ...
Crack! "Do better, or else!"
BARRY McGHAN, 68, of Fenton worked for the Flint Schools for 33 years, 20 as a teacher and 13 in a variety of nonteaching curriculum specialist positions. He retired in 1995 and founded the Center for Public School Renewal (www.publicschoolrenewal.org ). Write to him in care of the Free Press Editorial Page, 615 W. Lafayette, Detroit, MI 48226 or at oped@freepress.com.
What can YOU find in Nature? The art of innovation
BIOMIMETICS
“Go to the ant, thou sluggard” the proverb advises, and scientists today are increasingly searching out interesting animals and plants to gain design insights that will help them create novel materials and compounds. This new field of biomimetics has several facets to it. Some workers mimic natural methods of manufacture of chemical compounds to create new ones (a waterproof glue has been developed by studying the natural adhesive produced by molluscs; current research is trying to create a pollution-free water-based paint by mimicking the way insects’ wings grow and dry). Others imitate mechanisms found in nature (Velcro is said to have been created as a copy of the hooks in natural burrs; new strong but light materials have come from studying the structure of bone). Yet others learn new principles from, say, the flocking behaviour of birds, or the emergent behaviour of bees and ants. The aim is to study the natural processes as a starting point, gain insights and then improve on their performance, which is often slow or susceptible to extremes of temperature.
“Go to the ant, thou sluggard” the proverb advises, and scientists today are increasingly searching out interesting animals and plants to gain design insights that will help them create novel materials and compounds. This new field of biomimetics has several facets to it. Some workers mimic natural methods of manufacture of chemical compounds to create new ones (a waterproof glue has been developed by studying the natural adhesive produced by molluscs; current research is trying to create a pollution-free water-based paint by mimicking the way insects’ wings grow and dry). Others imitate mechanisms found in nature (Velcro is said to have been created as a copy of the hooks in natural burrs; new strong but light materials have come from studying the structure of bone). Yet others learn new principles from, say, the flocking behaviour of birds, or the emergent behaviour of bees and ants. The aim is to study the natural processes as a starting point, gain insights and then improve on their performance, which is often slow or susceptible to extremes of temperature.
Tuesday, January 1, 2008
Go Figure!
Innovative Minds Don’t Think Alike
IT’S a pickle of a paradox: As our knowledge and expertise increase, our creativity and ability to innovate tend to taper off. Why? Because the walls of the proverbial box in which we think are thickening along with our experience.
Andrew S. Grove, the co-founder of Intel, put it well in 2005 when he told an interviewer from Fortune, “When everybody knows that something is so, it means that nobody knows nothin’.” In other words, it becomes nearly impossible to look beyond what you know and think outside the box you’ve built around yourself.
This so-called curse of knowledge, a phrase used in a 1989 paper in The Journal of Political Economy, means that once you’ve become an expert in a particular subject, it’s hard to imagine not knowing what you do. Your conversations with others in the field are peppered with catch phrases and jargon that are foreign to the uninitiated. When it’s time to accomplish a task — open a store, build a house, buy new cash registers, sell insurance — those in the know get it done the way it has always been done, stifling innovation as they barrel along the well-worn path.
Elizabeth Newton, a psychologist, conducted an experiment on the curse of knowledge while working on her doctorate at Stanford in 1990. She gave one set of people, called “tappers,” a list of commonly known songs from which to choose. Their task was to rap their knuckles on a tabletop to the rhythm of the chosen tune as they thought about it in their heads. A second set of people, called “listeners,” were asked to name the songs.
Before the experiment began, the tappers were asked how often they believed that the listeners would name the songs correctly. On average, tappers expected listeners to get it right about half the time. In the end, however, listeners guessed only 3 of 120 songs tapped out, or 2.5 percent.
The tappers were astounded. The song was so clear in their minds; how could the listeners not “hear” it in their taps?
That’s a common reaction when experts set out to share their ideas in the business world, too, says Chip Heath, who with his brother, Dan, was a co-author of the 2007 book “Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die.” It’s why engineers design products ultimately useful only to other engineers. It’s why managers have trouble convincing the rank and file to adopt new processes. And it’s why the advertising world struggles to convey commercial messages to consumers.
“I HAVE a DVD remote control with 52 buttons on it, and every one of them is there because some engineer along the line knew how to use that button and believed I would want to use it, too,” Mr. Heath says. “People who design products are experts cursed by their knowledge, and they can’t imagine what it’s like to be as ignorant as the rest of us.”
But there are proven ways to exorcise the curse.
In their book, the Heath brothers outline six “hooks” that they say are guaranteed to communicate a new idea clearly by transforming it into what they call a Simple Unexpected Concrete Credentialed Emotional Story. Each of the letters in the resulting acronym, Succes, refers to a different hook. (“S,” for example, suggests simplifying the message.) Although the hooks of “Made to Stick” focus on the art of communication, there are ways to fashion them around fostering innovation.
To innovate, Mr. Heath says, you have to bring together people with a variety of skills. If those people can’t communicate clearly with one another, innovation gets bogged down in the abstract language of specialization and expertise. “It’s kind of like the ugly American tourist trying to get across an idea in another country by speaking English slowly and more loudly,” he says. “You’ve got to find the common connections.”
In her 2006 book, “Innovation Killer: How What We Know Limits What We Can Imagine — and What Smart Companies Are Doing About It,” Cynthia Barton Rabe proposes bringing in outsiders whom she calls zero-gravity thinkers to keep creativity and innovation on track.
When experts have to slow down and go back to basics to bring an outsider up to speed, she says, “it forces them to look at their world differently and, as a result, they come up with new solutions to old problems.”
She cites as an example the work of a colleague at Ralston Purina who moved to Eveready in the mid-1980s when Ralston bought that company. At the time, Eveready had become a household name because of its sales since the 1950s of inexpensive red plastic and metal flashlights. But by the mid-1980s, the flashlight business, which had been aimed solely at men shopping at hardware stores, was foundering.
While Ms. Rabe’s colleague had no experience with flashlights, she did have plenty of experience in consumer packaging and marketing from her years at Ralston Purina. She proceeded to revamp the flashlight product line to include colors like pink, baby blue and light green — colors that would appeal to women — and began distributing them through grocery store chains.
“It was not incredibly popular as a decision amongst the old guard at Eveready,” Ms. Rabe says. But after the changes, she says, “the flashlight business took off and was wildly successful for many years after that.”
MS. RABE herself experienced similar problems while working as a transient “zero-gravity thinker” at Intel.
“I would ask my very, very basic questions,” she said, noting that it frustrated some of the people who didn’t know her. Once they got past that point, however, “it always turned out that we could come up with some terrific ideas,” she said.
While Ms. Rabe usually worked inside the companies she discussed in her book, she said outside consultants could also serve the zero-gravity role, but only if their expertise was not identical to that of the group already working on the project.
“Look for people with renaissance-thinker tendencies, who’ve done work in a related area but not in your specific field,” she says. “Make it possible for someone who doesn’t report directly to that area to come in and say the emperor has no clothes.”
NEW YEAR brings NEW BEGINNINGS!
From: mimus12@aim.com [mailto:mimus12@aim.com]
Sent: Monday, December 31, 2007 4:03 PM
To: jfiras@wowway.com
Subject: Creating A Blog for Groves HighSchool
Hi,
I attend Groves Hich School and I wanted to create a blog for our ECO club but, I have a couple questions before I get started.
A Group of people recently came to talk to the club about creating a blog just before break but, even after visiting the website, I do not completely understand the reason for createing a blog.
Also, when you guys spoke to us, you gave us permission to refer to your website in our transcript when aplying for a college. I want to make sure that this website is www.sendenergy.blogspot.com
I would like to know more information.
thanks, Jumi
On 12/31/07, John Iras <jfiras@wowway.com> wrote:
Congratulations for taking the initiative to move forward with the ECO blog. This demonstrated courage moves you past the general student population and into the creative, self starter group that surely will see terrific success now and in the new 21st Century career paths. Jim and I are discussing the sites that would most benefit you and your vision quest.
We will get back to you in the next day or two.
Happy New Year to you and the ECO club.
Best to all,
John Iras
21st Century Digital Learning Environments
Jim Ross: Response to all
John:
Thanks for forwarding!
Jumi:
Thanks for taking the time to respond to the opportunity to develop a GROVES Eco-Club blog-site.
In answer to some of your questions; a blog-site (blog: short for web-log coined in 2004) is basically a centralized "subject-specific" virtual-space on the web that can be authored and accessed by many at their convenience, unlike e-mail or web-sites. You might think of a blog in terms of the e-mail of the 21st Century. Additionally, blogs allow you to simply add pictures and videos, links, etc. A blog-site is also an easy way for "communities of practice" (say the GROVES Eco-Club) to document, share and inform others of their "works in progress," interests and aspirations.
To create your blog-site I would suggest using Blogger at http://www.blogger.com (only because Blogger was acquired by Google recently so we will see some "very exciting" things developing here). You will also have to create a Google Mail account http://www.google.com to utilize Blogger. I will send you an invitation to Google Mail also.
Other things you will need to be prepared for will be of course the Title of your blog-site and additional e-mail addresses for the other Eco-Club members you will invite as authors, members, etc.
If you wish to invite Mr. Iras, jfiras@wowway.com Mr. Bates renewablesjim@gmail.com Mr. Phillips wp01bps@birmingham.k12.mi.us and myself Jim Ross digitallearning@gmail.com please feel free to do so.
You also might wish to visit a recently developed (several weeks ago) student-launched blog-site called Students 2.0 http://wwwstudents2oh.org/ and/or Google Students 2.0 to see what impact these Young People are having on digital learning and 21st Century communications.
I believe adding the SEND blog-site to your resume will be an asset and is accurate as identified.
Please let us know if you encounter any problems, have any questions and/or concerns in your GROVES Eco-Club blog-site creation efforts. Feel free to contact us by e-mail or via land-line below.
Hope the NEW YEAR is finding you and your friends and family renewed and excited about the year unfolding before us. Off to do some serious snow-shoveling.
Best,
Jim
Jim Ross
21st Century Digital Learning Environments
41810 Huntington Ct.
Clinton Township, MI 48038
586-228-0608
Well Hello again Jumi!
This is indeed a very happy New Year! So full of promise to be the most creatively rewarding year of your life to date and just the beginning of many more to come! Your decision to share with the world about what the Ecoclub has created at Groves High in the courtyard is very commendable. The Ecoclub has created a habitat for wildlife in the midst of an otherwise unsustainable habitat in the middle of a large school. You then went on to raise the money yourselves to implement and are helping to design the renewable energy system that will power the water features that are a part of this biosphere. How fantastic this is that you would share your knowledge with us and the opportunity to learn with you.
Your participation in Send's blog is relevant but more importantly the blogsite you and the Ecoclub are co-creating is far more meaningful for where you go henceforth in this world, let me rephrase that... where you go into the new world that is now being created thru the agreement that you have valiantly made to share with it some of the answers that will bring about positive social, educational and environmental change.
We toast to Your continuing success!
Sincerely,
Jim Bates
SEND LLC
P.S. Please post some photos of the courtyard on your new blogsite
January 1, 2008 10:21 AM
One Laptop Program attempts to LEAVE NO GLOBAL CHILD BEHIND!
In Peru, a Pint-Size Ticket to Learning
Officials Hope 270,000 Laptops for Poor Youngsters Improve Education System
Officials Hope 270,000 Laptops for Poor Youngsters Improve Education System
By Frank Bajak
Associated Press
Sunday, December 30, 2007; A18
ARAHUAY, Peru -- Doubts about whether poor, rural children really can benefit from quirky little computers evaporate as quickly as the morning dew in this hilltop Andean village, where 50 primary school children got machines from the One Laptop Per Child project six months ago.
These offspring of peasant families whose monthly earnings rarely exceed the cost of one of the $188 laptops -- people who can ill afford pencil and paper much less books -- can't get enough of their XO devices.
At breakfast, they're already powering up the combination library/videocamera/audio recorder/musicmaker/drawing kits. At night, they're dozing off in front of them -- if they've managed to keep older siblings from waylaying the coveted machines.
"It's really the kind of conditions that we designed for," Walter Bender, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology spinoff, said of this agrarian backwater up a precarious dirt road.
Founded in 2005 by former MIT Media Lab director Nicholas Negroponte, the One Laptop program has retreated from early boasts that developing-world governments would snap up millions of the pint-size machines at $100 each.
In a backhanded tribute, One Laptop now faces homegrown competitors everywhere from Brazil to India -- and a full-court press from Intel's more power-hungry Classmate.
But no competitor approaches the XO in innovation. It is hard drive-free, runs on the Linux operating system and stretches wireless networks with "mesh" technology that lets each computer in a village relay data to the others.
Mass production began last month and Negroponte, brother of U.S. Deputy Secretary of State John D. Negroponte, said he expects at least 1.5 million machines to be sold by next November. Even that would be far less than Negroponte originally envisioned. The price, higher than initially advertised, and the non-Windows operating system that is still being tested for the XO have dissuaded many potential government buyers.
Peru placed the single biggest order to date -- more than 272,000 machines -- in its quest to turn around a primary education system that the World Economic Forum recently ranked last among 131 countries surveyed. Uruguay was the No. 2 buyers of the laptops, inking a contract for 100,000.
Negroponte said 150,000 more laptops will be shipped to such countries as Rwanda, Mongolia, Haiti and Afghanistan in early 2008 through "Give One, Get One," a U.S.-based promotion ending Dec. 31 in which participants buy a pair of laptops for $399 and donate one or both.
The children of Arahuay prove One Laptop's transformative conceit: that you can revolutionize education and democratize the Internet by giving a simple, durable, power-stingy but feature-packed laptop to the world's poorest kids.
"Some tell me that they don't want to be like their parents, working in the fields," first-grade teacher Erica Velasco said of her pupils. She had just sent them to the Internet to seek out photos of invertebrates -- animals without backbones.
Antony, 12, wants to become an accountant.
Alex, 7, aspires to be a lawyer.
Kevin, 11, wants to play trumpet.
Saida, 10, is already a promising videographer, judging from her artful recording of the town's recent Fiesta de la Virgen.
"What they work with most is the [built-in] camera. They love to record," said Maria Antonieta Mendoza, an Education Ministry psychologist studying the Arahuay pilot project to devise strategies for the big rollout when the new school year begins in March.
Before the laptops, the only cameras the kids at Santiago Apostol school saw in this hamlet of 800 people arrived with tourists who visit for festivals or to see local Inca ruins.
Arahuay's lone industry is agriculture. Surrounding fields yield avocados, mangoes, potatoes, corn, alfalfa and cherimoya.
Many adults share only weekends with their children, spending the workweek in fields many hours' walk from town and relying on charities to help keep their families nourished.
When they finish school, young people tend to abandon the village.
Peru's head of educational technology, Oscar Becerra, is betting the One Laptop program can reverse this rural exodus to the squalor of Lima's shantytowns four hours away.
It's the best answer yet to "a global crisis of education" in which curriculums have no relevance, he said. "If we make education pertinent, something the student enjoys, then it won't matter if the classroom's walls are straw or the students are sitting on fruit boxes."
Indeed, Arahuay's elementary school population rose by 10 when families learned the laptop pilot was coming, said Guillermo Lazo, the school's director.
The XOs that Peru is buying will be distributed to pupils in 9,000 elementary schools from the Pacific to the Amazon basin where a single teacher serves all grades, Becerra said.
Although Peru boasts thousands of rural satellite downlinks that provide Internet access, only about 4,000 of the schools getting XOs will be connected, Becerra said.
Negroponte says One Laptop is committed to helping Peru overcome that hurdle. Without Internet access, he said, the program is incomplete.
Teachers will get 2 1/2 days of training on the laptops, Becerra said. Each machine will initially be loaded with about 100 copyright-free books. Where applicable, texts in native languages will be included, he added. The machines will also have a chat function that will let youngsters make faraway friends over the Internet.
Critics of the rollout have two key concerns.
The first is the ability of teachers -- poorly trained and equipped to begin with -- to cope with profoundly disruptive technology.
Eduardo Villanueva, a communications professor at Lima's Catholic University, fears "a general disruption of the educational system that will manifest itself in the students overwhelming the teachers."
To counter that fear, Becerra said, the government is offering $150 grants to qualifying teachers toward the purchase of conventional laptops, for which it is also arranging low-interest loans.
The second big concern is maintenance.
For every 100 units it will distribute to students, Peru is buying one extra for parts. But there is no technical support program. Students and teachers will have to do it.
"What you want is for the kids to do the repairs," said Negroponte, who believes such tinkering is itself a valuable lesson. "I think the kids can repair 95 percent of the laptops."
Tech support is nevertheless a serious issue in many countries, Negroponte acknowledged in a telephone interview.
One Laptop is bidding on a contract with Brazil's government that Negroponte says demanded unrealistically onerous support requirements.
The XO machines are water-resistant, rugged and designed to last five years. They have no fan, so they won't suck up dust; are built to withstand drops from five feet; and can absorb power spikes typical of places with irregular electricity.
Mendoza, the psychologist, is overjoyed that the program stipulates that youngsters get ownership of the laptops.
Take Kevin, the aspiring trumpet player.
Sitting in his dirt-floor kitchen as his mother cooks lunch, he draws a soccer field on his XO, then erases it. Kevin plays a song by Caliente, his favorite band, that he recorded off Arahuay's single television channel. He shows off photos he took of himself with his 3-year-old brother.
A bare light bulb hangs by a wire from the ceiling. A hen bobs around the floor. There are no books in this two-room house. Kevin's parents didn't get past sixth grade.
Indeed, the laptop project also has adults in its sights.
Parents in Arahuay are asking Mendoza, the visiting psychologist, what the Internet can do for them.
Among them is Charito Arrendondo, 39, who sheds brief tears of joy when a reporter asks what the laptop belonging to ruddy-cheeked Miluska -- the youngest of her six children -- has meant to her. Miluska's father, it turns out, abandoned the family when she was 1.
"We never imagined having a computer," said Arrendondo, a cook.
Is she afraid to use the laptop, as is typical of many Arahuay parents, about half of whom are illiterate?
"No, I like it. Sometimes when I'm alone and the kids are not around, I turn it on and poke around."
Arrendondo likes to play checkers on the laptop.
"It's also got chess, which I sort of know," she said, pausing briefly.
"I'm going to learn."
Biomimetics- Natural Capital at work
Ok it's 2008 and time to get to work! But let's have some fun while we are at it, too.
Biomimetics is a true form of Natural capitalism thru the appreciation and Mimicry of Systems found in Nature. This science will avail itself to the participants in the Think STEM initiative due
to start up very soon. There is probably not one area of your life that could not be improved thru the use of biomiecry. It runs the gamut from Architecture to water purification. This is a science that begs for discovery, all it takes is an inquisitive and creatively empowered mind.Biomimetics, technology that mimics nature By Rhett Butler, mongabay.com July 11, 2005
Engineers, scientists, and business people are increasingly turning toward nature for design inspiration. The field of biomimetics, the application of methods and systems, found in nature, to engineering and technology, has spawned a number of innovations far superior to what the human mind alone could have devised.
The reason is simple. Nature, through billions of years of trial and error, has produced effective solutions to innumerable complex real-world problems. The rigorous competition of natural selection means waste and efficiency are not tolerated in natural systems, unlike many of the technologies devised by humans. For example, gas-powered cars are only about 20 percent efficient, that is, only 20 percent of the thermal-energy content of the gasoline is converted into mechanical work.
Gecko in Madagascar Biomimetics, also known as Bionics ( a term coined by an American air force officer in 1958), Biognosis, and Biomimicry, has been applied to a number of fields from political science to car design to computer science (cybernetics, swarm intelligence, artificial neurons and artificial neural networks are all derived from biomimetic principles).
Generally there are three areas in biology after which technological solutions can be modeled:
- Replicating natural manufacturing methods as in the production of chemical compounds by plants and animals
- Mimicking mechanisms found in nature such as Velcro and "Gecko tape"
- Imitating organizational principles from social behavior of organisms like ants, bees, and microorganisms
To capitalize on the wealth of designs and processes found in nature, Dr. Julian Vincent, the director of the Centre for Biomimetic and Natural Technologies at the University of Bath in England, and his colleagues have devised a "biological patents" database that will enable engineers to directly tap into nature's ingenuity bypassing the need to consult with biologists that they have come to rely upon for insight into nature's workings.
According to the June 9th, 2005 issue of The Economist, "The idea is that this database will let anyone search through a wide range of biological mechanisms and properties to find natural solutions to technological problems." Currently, Dr. Vincent estimates that "at present there is only a 10% overlap between biology and technology in terms of the mechanisms used" so there is a great deal of potential in this area.
The biological patents database takes a different approach to providing examples of natural biological technologies which fulfill the requirements of a particular engineering problem. As explained in The Economist, instead of searching by a plant or animal's name, an engineer would query the database with a keyword like "propulsion" to get "a range of propulsion mechanisms used by jellyfish, frogs and crustaceans."
There are other ways to use the database as well, including characterizing "an engineering problem in the form of a list of desirable features that the solution ought to have, and another list of undesirable features that it ought to avoid.... So, for example, searching for a means of defying gravity might produce a number of possible solutions taken from different flying creatures but described in engineering terms. 'If you want flight, you don't copy a bird, but you do copy the use of wings and aerofoils,' says Dr Vincent."
While the system only contains about 2,500 "patents" at present, Dr Vincent aims to significantly expand the collection to help engineers identify natural systems and behaviors that might be useful in their engineering challenges. There is great hope that biomimetics will help mankind develop technologies that both reduce our impact on the environment around us and improve our quality of life.
Some examples of biomimetics in action:
- Velcro resulted in 1948 from a Swiss engineer, George de Mestral, noticing how the hooks of the plant burrs stuck in the fur of his dog.
- The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), a research and development organization for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and NASA are studying the navigational systems and locomotive strategies of insects to design the next generation of autonomous robots and vehicles.
- Using a wind tunnel, researchers have found that the flipper of the humpback whale is a more efficient wing design than the current model used by the aeronautics industry on airplanes.
A research team at Bell Labs has found that tropical deep-sea sponge, Euplectella or Venus's Flower Basket, builds remarkably strong structures from extremely fragile materials, according to a press release from Lucent Technologies. This discovery led to unique insights in the production of commercial fiber optic strands. The same team also looked to the visual systems of brittlestars -- sea creatures related to starfish and sea urchins -- for inspiration to improve lens design.
"Gecko tape" is a product under development that has been inspired by the lizard's ability to climb up walls and walk along ceilings. The tape exploits "van der Waals forces" -- weak intermolecular attractive forces -- by mimicing the tiny hair-like structures, called setae, that cover geckos' feet.
Scientists at the University of Leeds in Great Britain are studying the jet-based defense mechanism of the bombardier beetle to see if the insect can help them learn how to re-ignite a gas-turbine aircraft engine in mid-flight. The bombardier beetle is capable of spraying would-be predators with a high-pressure stream of boiling liquid.
DaimlerChrysler is developing a new high fuel efficiency concept vehicle based on the body shape of a boxfish, a common cube-shaped fish found in tropical marine habitats. The bionic car will offer 20 percent lower fuel consumption and up to 80 percent lower nitrogen oxide emissions according to a release from DaimlerChrysler.
Boxfish, photo courtesy of DaimlerChrysler
Bionic car, photo courtesy of DaimlerChrysler Some potential areas for exploration:
Spiders spin silk that is stronger than synthetic substances developed by man but require only insects as inputs.
Diatoms, microscopic phytoplankton responsible for a quarter of all the photosynthesis on Earth, make glass using silicon dissolved in seawater.
Abalone, a type of shellfish, produces a crack-resistant shell twice as tough as ceramic from calcium found in seawater using a process known as bio-mineralization.
Trees "turn sunlight, water, and air into cellulose, a suger stiffer and stronger than nylon, and bind it into wood, a natural composite with a higher bending strength and stiffness than concrete or steel," as noted by Paul Hawken, Amory and L. Hunter Lovins in Natural Capitalism.
Countless plants generate compounds that fight off infection from fungi, insects, and other pests. In the near future, consumers should expect to see increased use of biomimetics to improve efficiency of human designed products and systems through the application of pragmatic natural solutions developed by evolution.
This article used information from Wikipedia, DaimlerChrysler, The Economist, Centre for Biomimetic and Natural Technologies at the University of Bath, Natural Capitalism, The New Scientist, and other sources listed in the text of the piece. To learn more about biomimicry and related topics, take a look at The Biomimetics Network for Industrial Sustainability and Biomimicry.net.
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Monday, December 31, 2007
TOPPING OUT THE YEAR
In closing out the first year for Sustainable ENergy Delivery(SEND TM) We wish to share with each of you some of the highlights we've experienced.
SEND was established as a vehicle to create Learning environments in the real-world where each of the participants can be empowered to explore the outer reaches of their creative and cognitive capacities.
SEND was very fortunate to team up with 21st Century Digital Learning Environments in working collaboratively to create these opportunities for personal and institutional growth.
The United States is at a Crossroad. We have lost our manufacturing economic competitive edge and our educational system is rated 17th & 27th in the world in Math & Science respectively. We believe if there ever was a case for war it is for a war against the ignorance of these facts.
Our intent is to help America and each of it's Young People find it's spirit to win this war by empowering each participant in these real-world learning environments to become aware of their creative potentials. It is our intent that these learning opportunities will be replicated as rapidly as possible.
If you are making any new years resolutions perhaps you will consider empowering your own creative potential.
It is time to make new agreements and the following book holds a key for personal growth that can empower you to unshackle your creativity by understanding how past aggreements in your life may have held you back and how new ones can propel you forward.
The Four Agreements TM
by Don Miguel Ruiz
1. Be Impeccable With Your Word
Speak with integrity.
Say only what you mean.
Avoid using the word to speak against yourself or to gossip about others.
Use the power of your word in the direction of truth and love.
2. Don't Take Anything Personally
Nothing others do is because of you.
What others say and do is a projection of their own reality, their own dream.
When you are immune to the opinions and actions of others, you won't be the victim of needless suffering.
3. Don't Make Assumptions
Find the courage to ask questions and to express what you really want. Communicate with others as clearly as you can to avoid misunderstandings, sadness and drama.
With just this one agreement, you can completely transform your life.
4. Always Do Your Best
Your best is going to change from moment to moment; it will be different when you are healthy as opposed to sick.
Under any circumstance, simply do your best, and you will avoid self-judgment, self-abuse and regret.
2008 promises to be a year for many positive changes . Our intent is to create learning opportunities for people who have made a new aggreement to change their life thru discovery of exploration into the outer reaches of their creative capacities.
It is up to each of the participants to decide whether they will use these discoveries to make positive changes in themselves and then to share this with their world.
SEND was established as a vehicle to create Learning environments in the real-world where each of the participants can be empowered to explore the outer reaches of their creative and cognitive capacities.
SEND was very fortunate to team up with 21st Century Digital Learning Environments in working collaboratively to create these opportunities for personal and institutional growth.
The United States is at a Crossroad. We have lost our manufacturing economic competitive edge and our educational system is rated 17th & 27th in the world in Math & Science respectively. We believe if there ever was a case for war it is for a war against the ignorance of these facts.
Our intent is to help America and each of it's Young People find it's spirit to win this war by empowering each participant in these real-world learning environments to become aware of their creative potentials. It is our intent that these learning opportunities will be replicated as rapidly as possible.
If you are making any new years resolutions perhaps you will consider empowering your own creative potential.
It is time to make new agreements and the following book holds a key for personal growth that can empower you to unshackle your creativity by understanding how past aggreements in your life may have held you back and how new ones can propel you forward.
The Four Agreements TM
by Don Miguel Ruiz
1. Be Impeccable With Your Word
Speak with integrity.
Say only what you mean.
Avoid using the word to speak against yourself or to gossip about others.
Use the power of your word in the direction of truth and love.
2. Don't Take Anything Personally
Nothing others do is because of you.
What others say and do is a projection of their own reality, their own dream.
When you are immune to the opinions and actions of others, you won't be the victim of needless suffering.
3. Don't Make Assumptions
Find the courage to ask questions and to express what you really want. Communicate with others as clearly as you can to avoid misunderstandings, sadness and drama.
With just this one agreement, you can completely transform your life.
4. Always Do Your Best
Your best is going to change from moment to moment; it will be different when you are healthy as opposed to sick.
Under any circumstance, simply do your best, and you will avoid self-judgment, self-abuse and regret.
2008 promises to be a year for many positive changes . Our intent is to create learning opportunities for people who have made a new aggreement to change their life thru discovery of exploration into the outer reaches of their creative capacities.
It is up to each of the participants to decide whether they will use these discoveries to make positive changes in themselves and then to share this with their world.
Saturday, December 29, 2007
The DIGITAL GENIE is OUT of the BOTTLE!
Friends and Colleagues:
Please visit the blog-site Students 2.0 http://students2oh.org/ and witness the beginning of something extraordinary......the World of Education as WE knew it will never quite be the same. AND this is a GREAT THING!
Thursday, December 27, 2007
From the Trenches
« The Kids Are Alright | Main | Come Eavesdrop on Some Great Conversations! »
It's the Technology, Stupid...
OK, I don't even let my own kids use the word "stupid" around the house (if my 9-year old says that someone used the "s"-word, she means "stupid"), but for those of us who remember the 1992 presidential campaign, the phrase reminds us of the importance of focusing on what really matters.
For the last year or two, I've been in an internal dilemma over the importance of technology versus pedagogy, and I think I've just reached a breaking point. There is just no question in my mind now that we are witnessing the initial phases of a social, cultural, and scientific change that will rival--and likely eclipse--the advent of the printing press. And it is not because of the pedagogy. While this change confirms some core beliefs that many of us have with regard to teaching and learning, and reopens the door to implementing them, the cause of this dramatic change is technological, specifically the read/write Web (or Web 2.0). It is the use of the Web as a contributor as much as a consumer of information.
Last week I was in Denver, attending a KnowledgeWorks Foundation small-group brainstorm "Re-imagining Teaching for the Future." Through a series of exercises intended to construct scenarios about future forces that would affect the roles of teachers, we tried to imagine what teaching and learning will be like in 10 - 15 years. I suggested that the depth of integration of technology into formal education would be a significant factor in teachers' roles, but was told that in this particular kind of scenario building, that technology is almost never considered a critical force, because it can be assumed it will be adopted.
I beg to differ. I'm not sure we can make that assumption. Mike Huffman from Indiana calculated that his state had spent a billion dollars on computer technology over ten years, with the less-that-stunning result that each student had access to a computer for 35 minutes a week. Using a bottom-line approach to computing, with the goal of actual classroom and curricular integration, Mike and his colleague Laura Taylor have been helping to provide low-cost immersive computing in Indiana--but I get the feeling they still fight every day to keep their program. Our inability in our own small worlds to see the larger picture of dramatic change taking place because of the Internet and the read/write Web threatens to keep us on a path of continuing to see computers as an accessory in the classroom. I'm personally not convinced that schools are ready to adopt the computer as the new learning medium. They should, however, and the longer it takes us to recognize this important reality, the more we will wonder why we didn't act sooner.
I'm unsuccessfully trying to remind myself to be patient. Tomorrow is the 10th anniversary of the blog (see CelebrateBlogging.com). It's actually the 10th anniversary of the word "weblog," as there have been forms of communication that were blog-like that preceded that day in 1997 when Jorn Barger coined the word. However, I think we can all agree that the blog has only recently burst upon our collective consciousness, and many of the other Web 2.0 tools can only be categorized as being in their infancy. But for anyone participating in Twitter, or Ning Networks, or any of a hundred other social technologies that create dialog and conversation, there is an amazing sense that we are in the middle of something of huge human significance. Ten years may not be that long, but if we have to go through ten more years of debating the value of computers in education, we're in trouble.
Yesterday I interviewed Lindsea (16), Sean (16), and Kevin (17), three of the youth bloggers who have started Students 2.0 (see David Jakes recent post). Sean was in Scotland, Lindsea in Hawaii, and Kevin in Illinois--all on Skype. I've posted the 25 minute interview on my EdTechLive.com site (along with a previous one by "Arthus" that generated quite a comment firestorm at InfiniteThinking.org), and it's well worth the listen; but here I'm fascinated by the role of technology, in this case, in promoting student voices and their perspective on education.
From Sean: "What's happened over the past few years, and in society, with technology and the web becoming a lot more important, I'd say that the stuff I'm doing at home [rather than at school] is right now a bit more relevant, in terms of the skills I will need later in life.... At the stage at which we are at school, I would say that we are not dumb, we've matured a bit, and I think we should have some form of say in what's happening... "
From Kevin: "It's an interesting model, the way school continues to operate, as opposed to the infinitely more learning that we can do outside of the classroom... I think that technology is a very important part of education today, and because of that the shift from the traditional student-teacher model is creating a whole bunch of new possibilities. The web is not the only method by which that will happen, but it is a very important one as well... At the core of everything else, all the technology usage, it's all about creating learners, not just students who are able to interpret the facts that the teachers just preach to them in the classroom... There are 300 - 400 teachers in my school district, maybe only a a handful, I can probably count on one hand, who actually read blogs, let alone write them." -Kevin, 17 years old, Illinois, USA
(Lindsea had less to say because she had to leave the interview early to get to class. She was on a world-wide Skype interview from her computer at school, cool as a cucumber, with all of the noise of a school campus in the background.)
Kids like Kevin and Lindsea and Sean are flying metaphorical jet planes overhead, while we're largely using computers in schools as the equivalent of earth-bound tricycles. And then we're wondering why the computer hasn't transformed or improved education. As Connie Weber has written about an encounter with another teacher in an amazing series of notes about the evolution of her homeroom class, "I got the feeling she thinks 'computers' are a 'subject' and that there should be a lesson on 'computer use' with a beginning, a middle, and an end, then perhaps a test on topic coverage. Oh dear." (Connie's candid notes about her journey into a new paradigm of teaching that started with a social network for her class are on my must-read list for anyone interested in the future of education and learning.)
For some reason that my wife has never understood, I saved every paper I wrote in high school and college. They are still in a box in my attic. "Why?" my wife keeps asking. In my heart, I think I know why. Because I had something significant to say, and I could never bear to throw them away because I never really felt that what I had to say was heard. (Chalk one up to profound insights while blogging.) Most of them only had one other reader than me: my teacher at the time. When our youth write today, their audience can be so much broader and so much more real. It may not be a huge audience, but even if it's a few others scattered around the country or the globe, their writing is much more about communicating effectively with others than mine was. As content producers as well as consumers, their relationship with information is so much richer than mine ever was at their age. I don't want my children to be attic-box writers. I want them passionately, actively engaged in learning and communicating--like they are more and more in their use of the Web, which takes place largely outside of any formal educational setting.
Do I feel shy about advocating increased use of technology in education because of curricular, administrative, teaching, safety, and financial impediments to adoption? Yes, a little. But when I re-frame the context, and ask if I am willing to devote my passion and energy to a complete rethinking of education in light of the impending read/write renaissance brought about by the Internet, it's an unqualified yes. Bring on the revolution.
Tuesday, December 25, 2007
NSF ITEST STEM GRANT (Capacity-Building) / MIT STEM High School Resource
MIT Launches Web Site for High School Students
Uses successful MIT OpenCourseWare model to engage high school math and science students and faculty
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 28 - MIT President Susan Hockfield today announced the launch of a new Web site, Highlights for High School, that will provide resources to improve science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) instruction at the high school level.
The Web site builds on the success of MIT's revolutionary OpenCourseWare (OCW) initiative, launched in 2001 with the goal of making all MIT course materials available for free over the World Wide Web. It is designed to help inspire the next generation of engineers and scientists and to be a valuable tool for high school teachers.
"Strength in K-12 math and science will be increasingly important for America if the nation is to continue to lead in today's innovation economy," said MIT President Susan Hockfield.
"Highlights for High School will provide students and teachers with innovative tools to supplement their math and science studies. We hope it will inspire students to reach beyond their required classwork to explore more advanced material and might also encourage them to pursue careers in science and engineering."
Highlights for High School features more than 2,600 video and audio clips, animations, lecture notes and assignments taken from actual MIT courses, and categorizes them to match the Advanced Placement physics, biology and calculus curricula. Demonstrations, simulations, animations and videos give educators engaging ways to present STEM concepts, while videos illustrate MIT's hands-on approach to the teaching of these subjects.
Thomas Magnanti, former dean of the School of Engineering at MIT, chaired the committee that developed the site. "As has been well documented the U.S. needs to invest more in secondary education, particularly in STEM fields. MIT as a leading institution of science and technology has an obligation to help address the issue," he said.
Highlights for High School organizes the course materials currently featured on OCW—including 1,800 syllabi, 15,000 lecture notes, 9,000 assignments and 900 exams—into a format that is more accessible to high school students and teachers.
An estimated 10,000 U.S. high school instructors and 5,000 U.S. high school students already visit MIT OpenCourseWare each month, and MIT expects Highlights for High School to make MIT's course materials even more useful to these audiences.
Highlights for High School continues MIT's tradition of supporting science, technology and engineering instruction at the secondary level. One of the most prominent previous efforts was PSSC Physics, a program begun in 1956 as a collaboration between MIT physics professors and high school physics teachers, which dramatically changed the way physics was taught in high schools. MIT has over 40 K-12 outreach programs, including the Edgerton Center, MIT's Minority Introduction to Engineering, and Science (MITES) and MIT's Educational Studies Program (ESP).
Highlights for High School represents MIT's first step in adapting the successful OCW model for secondary education by organizing MIT's existing course materials for use by high school students and teachers. A broader plan proposed for a secondary education program—OCW SE—may include creating a teacher in residence program to develop new open curricula with high school educators and organizing an MIT secondary education mentor corps.
Uses successful MIT OpenCourseWare model to engage high school math and science students and faculty
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 28 - MIT President Susan Hockfield today announced the launch of a new Web site, Highlights for High School, that will provide resources to improve science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) instruction at the high school level.
The Web site builds on the success of MIT's revolutionary OpenCourseWare (OCW) initiative, launched in 2001 with the goal of making all MIT course materials available for free over the World Wide Web. It is designed to help inspire the next generation of engineers and scientists and to be a valuable tool for high school teachers.
"Strength in K-12 math and science will be increasingly important for America if the nation is to continue to lead in today's innovation economy," said MIT President Susan Hockfield.
"Highlights for High School will provide students and teachers with innovative tools to supplement their math and science studies. We hope it will inspire students to reach beyond their required classwork to explore more advanced material and might also encourage them to pursue careers in science and engineering."
Highlights for High School features more than 2,600 video and audio clips, animations, lecture notes and assignments taken from actual MIT courses, and categorizes them to match the Advanced Placement physics, biology and calculus curricula. Demonstrations, simulations, animations and videos give educators engaging ways to present STEM concepts, while videos illustrate MIT's hands-on approach to the teaching of these subjects.
Thomas Magnanti, former dean of the School of Engineering at MIT, chaired the committee that developed the site. "As has been well documented the U.S. needs to invest more in secondary education, particularly in STEM fields. MIT as a leading institution of science and technology has an obligation to help address the issue," he said.
Highlights for High School organizes the course materials currently featured on OCW—including 1,800 syllabi, 15,000 lecture notes, 9,000 assignments and 900 exams—into a format that is more accessible to high school students and teachers.
An estimated 10,000 U.S. high school instructors and 5,000 U.S. high school students already visit MIT OpenCourseWare each month, and MIT expects Highlights for High School to make MIT's course materials even more useful to these audiences.
Highlights for High School continues MIT's tradition of supporting science, technology and engineering instruction at the secondary level. One of the most prominent previous efforts was PSSC Physics, a program begun in 1956 as a collaboration between MIT physics professors and high school physics teachers, which dramatically changed the way physics was taught in high schools. MIT has over 40 K-12 outreach programs, including the Edgerton Center, MIT's Minority Introduction to Engineering, and Science (MITES) and MIT's Educational Studies Program (ESP).
Highlights for High School represents MIT's first step in adapting the successful OCW model for secondary education by organizing MIT's existing course materials for use by high school students and teachers. A broader plan proposed for a secondary education program—OCW SE—may include creating a teacher in residence program to develop new open curricula with high school educators and organizing an MIT secondary education mentor corps.
LTU Capacity-Building: "Sustainable Collaboration"
A Threat So Big, Academics Try Collaboration
Jeff Topping for The New York Times
Joby Carlson of Arizona State University showing how an infrared camera is used to detect surface temperatures.
It is a basic tenet of university research: Economists conduct joint studies, chemists join forces in the laboratory, political scientists share ideas about other cultures — but rarely do the researchers cross disciplinary lines.
Skip to next paragraph 
Jeff Topping for The New York Times
Vanessa Escobar leading a discussion on water management at Arizona State. The university set up the Global Institute of Sustainability to encourage joint efforts on climate change issues.
The political landscape of academia, combined with the fight for grant money, has always fostered competition far more than collaboration.
But the threat of global warming may just change all that.
Take what’s happening at the Rochester Institute of Technology. In September the school established the Golisano Institute for Sustainability, aimed at getting students and professors from different disciplines to collaborate in studying the environmental ramifications of production and consumption.
“The academic tradition is to let one discipline dominate new programs,” said Nabil Nasr, the institute’s director. “But the problem of sustainability cuts across economics, social elements, engineering, everything. It simply cannot be solved by one discipline, or even by coupling two disciplines.”
Neil Hawkins, Dow Chemical’s vice president for sustainability, sees it that way, too. Thus, Dow is giving $10 million, spread over five years, to the University of California, Berkeley, to set up a sustainability center.
“Berkeley has one of the strongest chemical engineering schools in the world, but it will be the M.B.A.’s who understand areas like microfinance solutions to drinking water problems,” Mr. Hawkins said.
That realization is spreading throughout academia. So more universities are setting up stand-alone centers that offer neutral ground on which engineering students can work on alternative fuels while business students calculate the economics of those fuels and political science majors figure how to make the fuels palatable to governments in both developing nations and America’s states.
“We give professors a chance to step beyond their usual areas of expertise, and we give students exposure to the worlds of science and business,” said Daniel C. Esty, director of the year-old Yale Center for Business and the Environment, a joint effort between the School of Management and the School of Forestry and Environmental Studies.
Similar setups are getting easier to find. Last year, the University of Tennessee consolidated all of its environmental research programs under a new Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment. Arizona State University did the same in 2004, when it inaugurated its Global Institute of Sustainability.
The Arizona institute reports directly to the university president and is run by Jonathan Fink, who is also the university’s sustainability officer.
“We want all the departments to contribute without thinking they own the initiative themselves,” Mr. Fink said. Already, experts in biogeochemistry — the study of the scientific underpinnings of earth’s origins and existing biosystems — are working with social scientists to study the impact of rapid urbanization on plants and animals.
It is impossible to quantify the growth of stand-alone centers. There is no naming convention — some are sustainability centers, some are environmental institutes and some are global warming initiatives. And many do not stand alone at all, but are neatly tucked inside an existing school.
For example, in 2003 the University of Pittsburgh School of Engineering dedicated the Mascaro Sustainability Initiative, which studies green construction and sustainable water use.
Nor do the environmentally themed names necessarily convey an enviro-centric agenda. Many sustainability centers — the Kenan-Flagler Center for Sustainable Enterprise at the University of North Carolina is a good example — address global cultures, business ethics and corporate social responsibility along with environmental issues.
The Aspen Institute’s Center for Business Education compiled a list of more than 600 academic centers that, at first blush, sound as if they would be stand-alone environmental facilities. Rich Leimsider, its director, figures only a handful really are.
“We are seeing more centers framed as sustainability, but they may not be qualitatively different from the ethics, innovation or globalization centers of 15 years ago,” he said. “Universities realize that you can discuss sustainability with a C.E.O. and not get laughed out of the room.”
But Mr. Leimsider said he does see more stand-alone centers that are devoted primarily to analyzing environmental problems, influencing environmental policy and preparing students to think collaboratively when they try to solve those problems outside the academic world.
Many of the centers have one foot set squarely outside the ivory tower. Mr. Esty said the Yale center was developing an “eco-services clinic” that would help companies address various environmental issues. Duke’s Corporate Sustainability Initiative, which is a joint venture of its earth sciences, business and environmental policy schools, is also a founding member of the Chicago Sustainable Business Alliance. Its faculty and students have already developed a small wind turbine for private use, and have helped local businesses reduce their carbon footprints.
Nor does the money for the centers necessarily come from university coffers. Often, it comes from individuals who are passionate about the environment.
More than 10 years ago, Frederick A. and Barbara M. Erb gave $5 million to the University of Michigan to found the Erb Institute for Global Sustainable Enterprise. They have given an additional $15 million since.Thomas P. Lyon, the institute’s director, said much of the money goes to defray third-year costs for graduate students who pursue a dual degree in business and natural sciences. But the institute is now talking to venture capitalists about teaching students to invest in green technologies, and is setting up projects for students in China and elsewhere. It also gives small research grants to professors who affiliate with the institute; most recently, it awarded money for a study of botanical gardens.
“We provide a community where students and professors can discuss research with different disciplines,” Mr. Lyon said.
Similarly, Julie A. Wrigley, who has a home in Arizona, provided $15 million for Arizona State’s institute, and this year gave an additional $10 million to create a degree-granting School of Sustainability within the institute.
The vast majority of the money for the Golisano Institute in Rochester came from B. Thomas Golisano, the founder of Paychex and one of the underwriters of the Clinton Global Initiative.
Mr. Golisano, who donated $10 million, said he expected the institute to “produce the first generation of professionals with the vision and know-how to deliver on the promise of sustainability.” Indeed, Mr. Nasr said the institute already offers courses on sustainability to all freshman and is asking students to submit ideas for projects.
Sometimes, government chips in. Mr. Fink notes that Phoenix is “the poster child” for the so-called urban heat island effect — the phenomenon in which big cities absorb heat during the day and release it at night, causing temperatures to rise. So his institute has amassed funds from the Environmental Protection Agency, the State of Arizona and some local businesses for a project to see if certain construction materials can alleviate the problem.
Companies are getting into the financing act as well. Unlike traditional partnerships between business and academia, in which companies that provide funds have the right to commercialize any breakthroughs, most of these funds come with no strings attached.
Several years ago Enterprise Rent-a-Car donated $10 million to the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in St. Louis for research on growing crops for food. This year it gave $25 million to create the Enterprise Institute in conjunction with Danforth, to do research into biobased fuels.
“Danforth understands cellulosic research, so they are best positioned to figure out how to make fuel from soy and corn,” said Patrick T. Farrell, vice president for corporate responsibility at Enterprise.
Four companies — ExxonMobil, General Electric, Schlumberger and Toyota — have anted up for the Stanford University Global Climate and Energy Project, which explores new energy technologies. The Shell Oil Foundation has been financing Rice University’s Shell Center for Sustainability since 2002. Wal-Mart has promised money for an Applied Sustainability Center at the University of Arkansas.
Berkeley, meanwhile, is using Dow’s gift to set up a Sustainable Products and Solutions Program within its existing Center for Responsible Business. That is in the Haas Business School, but Kellie A. McElhaney, the center’s director, insists the program will draw on Berkeley’s chemists, biologists, financial analysts, policy specialists, even lawyers.
The program is now taking applications for grants from Berkeley students and professors who want to conduct collaborative research into topics like providing clean drinking water or more efficient fuels. And Ms. McElhaney said other companies have expressed willingness to kick in funds.
“Commercialization takes forever if the chemical engineers and the business types do not coordinate,” she said. “So think how much easier it will be for chemistry graduates to work inside a company if they already know how to interact with the business side.”
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The members of Students 2.0 are a stellar example of what could happen when motivated young adults are allowed to articulate their ideas to a broad readership.
Unfortunately many (most?) of their peers are not as motivated as Lindsea, Sean, Kevin and crew. If we can't offer them some guided practice as part of their school experience, all of their voices will be lost.
Learning need to expand to fit the needs of the learners.
Posted by: diane | December 16, 2007 2:44 PM
Absolutely, Diane. Part of the difficulty for me is seeing how we get to where we want to be from where we are--within existing frameworks and mindsets. I'm just not sure there's a clear path between the two--that the new world will be so radically different than the old that we can't migrate from one to the other seamlessly, as though we're just implementing one more program. It's hard for me to imagine my own kids getting much guided practice in these technologies at school, even if I extend out some years. I feel we need a bold new vision, a clarion call to get a "man on the moon" in education--something that will so galvanize us that we're willing to go through radical change.
Posted by: Steve Hargadon | December 16, 2007 6:31 PM
This is so refreshing! We are on the verge of something so big I hope we are able to keep the vision. To the unknown.
Posted by: Cheryl Oakes | December 18, 2007 3:05 AM
Great post and great interview, Steve. It's nice to see somebody taking "the kids" (sorry, but I'll continue opposing that label, even though well-intended, as one for the dustbin until I end up in that dustbin myself) seriously.
Diane's point about motivation and the need for guidance is well-taken, but to me points to the need to create more authentic publications spaces, with more authentic audiences for students that, like Students 2.0, require quality to reach that audience.
There are obviously other possibilities for such spaces, besides a student edublog, that might motivate students to "embrace the revolution" in their own education.
Music, film, photography, and writings on a broader range of subjects than education are a case in point.
In my own senior classroom, I've been pursuing an "authentic blogging pedagogy" (no html allowed here, so: http://tinyurl.com/2pvljb) that throws out prescribed curriculum altogether, and requires only that my students identify a passion-based path of inquiry and/or production, and pursue that through connective reading-and-writing, and through showcasing their own creative pursuits on their blogs.
After a few frustrating months of watching them flounder, I'm finally seeing signs that give me hope. One student had a "mission moment" in which he identified that his blog would henceforth be the space in which he published and discussed his own musical compositions, with the aim of producing a full CD by the end of the senior year.
Others have similarly chosen photography and design as their missions, and are advancing down their own paths in those directions.
I started Students 2.0 out of frustration with all the excuses we read for not pushing authentic learning with web 2.0 forward in education. Sean's old English teacher in Scotland, "Mr. Winton (http://tinyurl.com/333gaz)," put his finger on my ultimate hope for this enterprise when he wrote,
"This attempt to give students a genuine forum where they can give an end-users view of Education2.0 is, I hope, the thin end of the wedge."
The "thin end of the wedge" indeed. We can, all of us, create more spaces that students want to earn their way into. The less "schooly" and egalitarian, the better - because maybe those unmotivated students Diane mentions are not motivated precisely because the types of publication they are offered online, in the end, still feel as inauthentic as the hallway displays of yore.
Thanks for taking these young people seriously, and not just giving them a pat on the head. I know I've been snarky on a couple occasions in comments on other posts about s2oh, but it's precisely because those posts seemed to both miss the weight of the moment, and to coopt the revolution by taming it into a lower level of status in the edublogging caste system. It's nice to see you and Ryan Bretag (he wrote about s2oh on TL first, as far as I know) avoiding that tone.
It's early days for s2oh, and they have a learning curve ahead of them, but trust me: for engagement and motivation, and care for their work, they get an A+ for their work so far.
Or would, if this had anything at all to do with grades. The amazing thing, of course, is that it doesn't.
Posted by: Clay Burell | December 19, 2007 8:53 AM
Clay:
Thanks so much for adding your voice. I was very keen to see how you'd react to the interview.
I guess the bottom line for me is that I believe the technology is going to open some doors that pedagogy can't right now. Which I hope is different than saying that pedagogy is not as important as technology, but just more powerful (I'm struck by how many good things are done in education that don't lead to larger change.)
I also think that new pedagogies are going to arise because of the changes in how we communicate, collaborate, and create in the new medium of the read/write web--so maybe the bonus for me is that my belief that technology is going to create some dramatic changes also leads me to believe that we are going to be forced by this moment in histsory to have some really important discussions about learning and education, discussions that an entrenched system tends to resist.
Posted by: Steve Hargadon | December 26, 2007 6:46 PM
Steve:
Simply OUTSTANDING! Passionatley frames the issue and should serve as the "clarion call" to educators of every ilk.
The outside of the classroom experiences (Kudo's to the digitally enlightened students among us!) signal the identification of a significant trend with regard to the familiar educational "rigor, RELEVANCE, relationships" factors. In other words students will seek relevance where THEY find it. And if not in the classroom, so be it (see students testamonials)!
This is the seminal driving issue with regards to the current work of the MacArthur Foundation's Digital Media and Learning initiative.
Every champion of evolved digital education and true 21st Century Digital Learning Environments should become familiar with this emerging body of work.
Additionally, we are developing a small "pilot" study program to research, investigate and create technological pedagogically DESIGNED digital learning environments (sorry for the mouthful) composed of some of the issues you have so artfully articulated, within the context of an NSF ITEST STEM GRANT beginning January 2008. The baseline research element of this granting intention addresses the American Competitiveness initiative and attendant follow-on K-12 STEM IT based solutions.
Your patience is to be admired and your anxiety is shared and understood.
With regards to the "BIG PICTURE" here are three words that have served well in several similar social/cultural, industry technological disruptions (Graphic Arts, Industrial Design, Film & Video, Corporate America IT, etc.), of the past couple of decades. CHEAPER, BETTER, FASTER! I believe in combination they are the catalyst and the "great-leveler" of all playing fields if you will, AND they are on the immediate U.S. educational horizon.
Please stay your impassioned course, you are not alone and are spot-on!
Best,
Jim
Posted by: Jim Ross | December 27, 2007 2:01 PM